Bava Batra 190

וזהו אוצר ששנו חכמים במשנתינו

and this is the cellar [about] which the Sages have taught in our Mishnah!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' How, then, has it been said before that our Mishnah deals with the case where the seller said. 'I sell you a cellar of wine'? ');">¹</span> — Well, then, our Mishnah also [speaks of the case] where [the seller] said to him 'This'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., 'I sell you this cellar'. ');">²</span>

אלא מתני' נמי דאמר ליה זה

[But. if so] there is a contradiction between 'This'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In the Baraitha, quoted above, according to which the seller may offer wine all of which is pungent. (Cf. p. 395. n. 22.) ');">³</span> and 'This'?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In the Baraitha recited by R. Zebid. which states that all the wine must be good with the exception of ten casks which may contain pungent wine. ');">⁴</span>

קשיא זה אזה

— There is no contradiction. The one [deals with the case] where [the buyer] said to him [that he required the wine] for a dish;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For which good wine is required. because only a little at a time is used, and the wine has to last for a long period. Hence the expression. 'wine', in the offer, implied 'good wine which may keep for a long time'; and the expression, 'this', entitled the seller to include ten casks of pungent wine. ');">⁵</span> the other, where he did not say to him [that it was required] for a dish:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Hence the seller may give him even pungent wine, such as is sold in the shop. ');">⁶</span>

לא קשיא הא דאמר ליה למקפה הא דלא א"ל למקפה דרב זביד דא"ל למקפה ברייתא דלא א"ל למקפה

[The Baraitha] of R. Zebid [deals with the case] where [the buyer] said to him [that the wine was required] for a dish. The [other] Baraitha [deals with the case] where he did not say, 'for a dish'. Consequently, [if<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In the Baraitha of R. Zebid. ');">⁷</span> the expression used by the seller was], 'a cellar of wine' and [the buyer] had said to him, 'for a dish', [the former] must give him a wine all of which is good.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since 'wine' and 'for a dish' were mentioned. ');">⁸</span>

הלכך מרתף של יין וא"ל למקפה נותן לו יין שכולו יפה מרתף זה של יין וא"ל למקפה נותן לו יין שכולו יפה ומקבל עליו עשר קוססות למאה מרתף זה של יין ולא א"ל למקפה נותן לו יין הנמכר בחנות

[If<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In the Baraitha of R. Zebid. ');">⁷</span> the seller said.] 'this cellar of wine', and the buyer had said, 'for a dish', he must give him a wine all of which is good. and [the buyer must] accept ten casks of pungent wine for [every] hundred. [If, however,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In the other Baraitha. ');">⁹</span>

איבעיא להו מרתף של יין ולא א"ל למקפה מאי פליגי בה רב אחא ורבינא חד אמר מקבל וחד אמר לא מקבל

the seller said], 'this cellar of wine', but [the buyer] did not say, 'for a dish', he may give him such wine as is sold in the shop.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. p. 396. n. 22. ');">¹⁰</span> The question was raised [as to] what [was the law when the seller said], 'a cellar of wine',<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which is in favour of the buyer, because 'this' was not used. ');">¹¹</span>

מאן דאמר מקבל דייק מדרב זביד דקתני מרתף של יין אני מוכר לך נותן לו יין שכולו יפה ואוקימנא דאמר ליה למקפה טעמא דאמר ליה למקפה הא לא א"ל למקפה מקבל

and [the buyer] did not say, 'for a dish'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which is in favour of the seller. ');">¹²</span> R. Aha and Rabina are in dispute [on the matter]. One says [the buyer must] accept [ten casks of pungent wine for every hundred], and the other says, he need not accept. He who said [that the buyer must] accept, deduces [the law] from the Baraitha of R. Zebid, which states, [that if the seller says], 'I sell you a cellar of wine', he must give him a wine all of which is good; and it has been settled [that this refers to the case] where [the buyer] said to him, 'for a dish'. The reason,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Why all the wine must be good. ');">¹³</span>

ומ"ד לא מקבל דייק מברייתא דקתני מרתף של יין אני מוכר לך נותן לו יין שכולו יפה ואוקימנא דלא א"ל למקפה

[then, is] because he said to him 'for a dish', but had he not said, 'for a dish' [he would have had to] accept. And he who says that [the buyer] need not accept, deduces [the law] from the [other] Baraitha which states [that if the seller says. 'I sell you a cellar of wine', he must give him a wine all of which is good; and it has been settled [that this refers to the case] where [the buyer] did not say, 'for a dish'. According to him who deduces [the law] from that [Baraitha] of R. Zebid, is there no contradiction from the other Baraitha? — [No]; something is missing. and this is the [additional] reading: This<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That if he said, 'I sell you a cellar of wine', he must give him a wine all of which is good. ');">¹⁴</span> only applies [to the case] when he said to him, 'for a dish', but if he did not say, 'for a dish', he [must] accept.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The ten casks of pungent wine for every hundred. ');">¹⁵</span>

ולמאן דדייק מדרב זביד קשיא ברייתא חסורי מחסרא והכי קתני במה דברים אמורים דאמר ליה למקפה הא לא אמר ליה למקפה מקבל ומרתף זה של יין ולא א"ל למקפה נותן לו יין הנמכר בחנות

And [if he said], 'this cellar of wine' but did not say, 'for a dish', he may give him a wine which is sold in the shop. And according to him who deduces [the law] from the [other] Baraitha is there no contradiction from that of R. Zebid which has been explained [to refer to the case] where he said to him, 'for a dish', [from which it may be inferred that] if he did not say to him, 'for a dish', [he must] accept?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The ten casks of pungent wine for every hundred. ');">¹⁵</span> — [No;] the same law, [that he need] not accept, [applies] even [to a case] where he did not say to him, 'for a dish', and this [is the reason] why it<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The last clause of R. Zebid's Baraitha, 'I sell you this cellar of wine'. ');">¹⁶</span>

ולמאן דדייק מברייתא קשיא דרב זביד דאוקימנא דא"ל למקפה הא לא א"ל למקפה מקבל

had to be explained [to refer to the case] where he said to him, 'for a dish', because there was a contradiction between 'this', [in the last clause of the Baraitha of R. Zebid,] and 'this', [in the second clause of the other Baraitha];<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. p. 396. n. 7-8. ');">¹⁷</span> [but in the case of the first clauses,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Where the seller says. 'I sell you a cellar of wine'. ');">¹⁸</span>

הוא הדין דאע"ג דלא א"ל למקפה לא מקבל והאי דאוקימנא דא"ל למקפה משום דקשיא זה אזה

there was no such contradiction].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And both may, therefore, refer to either case, whether the buyer said, or did not say, 'for a dish'. ');">¹⁹</span> Rab Judah said: Over wine which is sold in a shop,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., any sour, or bad wine. ');">²⁰</span>

אמר רב יהודה יין הנמכר בחנות מברכין עליו בורא פרי הגפן ורב חסדא אמר גבי חמרא דאקרים למה לי

the benediction<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Before partaking of any food, a certain benediction must be said beginning with, 'Blessed art thou, O Lord, our God, King of the Universe' and concluding in different forms corresponding to the particular kind and nature of the food consumed. ');">²¹</span> of 'the<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Beginning with the usual formula (v. previous note.) ');">²²</span>

מיתיבי על הפת שעפשה ועל היין שהקרים ועל תבשיל שעברה צורתו אומר שהכל נהיה בדברו

creator of the fruit of the vine'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This is the benediction enacted for wine in a sound condition. ');">²³</span> is to be said.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Though the wine is bad it is still considered wine, and requires the wine benediction. ');">²⁴</span>

אמר רב זביד מודה רב יהודה בפורצמא דמיזדבן אקרנתא

And R. Hisda said: Of what use<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'why to me. ');">²⁵</span> is wine that is turning sour?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since the wine is spoilt, one must not say over it the benediction enacted for good wine, but that of 'Blessed&nbsp;… by whose word everything was made'. ');">²⁶</span>

א"ל אביי לרב יוסף הא רב יהודה הא רב חסדא מר כמאן סבירא ליה א"ל מתניתא ידענא

An objection was raised: Over bread that has become mouldy. and over wine that has become sour, and over a dish that has lost its colour. — the benediction of '… by whose word everything was made' must be said.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ber. 40b. ');">²⁷</span> [How, then, can Rab Judah say that over sour wine the benediction for proper wine is to be said]? — R. Zebid replied: Rab Judah admits<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That the wine benediction is not to be said. ');">²⁸</span> in [the case of] wine made of kernels,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Such a wine is very sour and cannot possibly be regarded as wine. The Baraitha quoted should be assumed to speak of such a wine. ');">²⁹</span> which is sold at [street] corners. Abaye said to R. Joseph: Here [is the opinion of] Rab Judah; here [that of] R. Hisda; whose does [my] master adopt? — He replied unto him: I know a Baraitha:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' From which may be inferred at what stage wine loses its name and assumes that of vinegar, and, consequently, requires a change in the form of the benediction. ');">³⁰</span>